User:Riki Stevenson/Sandbox 1

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF or GCSF)
 is a colony-stimulating factor hormone. It is a glycoprotein, growth factor or cytokine produced by a number of different tissues to stimulate the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells. G-CSF then stimulates the bone marrow to release them into the blood. It also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils. G-CSF is also known as colony-stimulating factor 3 (CSF 3).'''

It was first marketed by Amgen with the brand name Neupogen. Several bio-generic versions are now available in non regulated and semi-regulated countries.

The recombinant human G-CSF synthesised in an E. coli expression system is called filgrastim. The structure of filgrastim differs slightly from the structure of the natural glycoprotein. Most published studies have used filgrastim. Filgrastim (Neupogen) and PEG-filgrastim (Neulasta) are two commercially-available forms of rhG-CSF (recombinant human G-CSF). The PEG (polyethylene glycol) form has a much longer half-life, reducing the necessity of daily injections.

(above info taken directly from the GCSF wiki page)

HI

Structure
Secondary structures are highlighted here, with multiple alpha-helices. The two disulfides are also shown in this view. The same elements seen from the top view.

When structures are colored by  temperature factors, it accentuates regions of structural movement.

Polar and hydrophobic regions (purple/grey) show how charged residues tend to congregate on the exterior of the structure.